- Healthy gingiva can be graded as PD 0
Periodontal disease is graded:
- Stage 1 (PD 1) (gingivitis) appears as a redness of the gingiva with no attachment loss.
- Stage 2 (PD 2) (early periodontitis) shows an increase in inflammation and edema. In stage 2 there will be less than 25% of support loss when probed.
- Stage 3 (PD 3) (moderate periodontitis) occurs when there is a moderate loss of attachment or moderate pocket formation with between 25-50% support loss. Furcation exposure and mobility may be present. The gingiva will bleed upon gentle probing at this stage.
- Stage 4 (PD 4) (advanced periodontitis) occurs when there is breakdown of the support tissues with severe (>50% support loss) pocket depth or recession of the gingiva.
Click on any image below to see a larger view
NORMAL GINGIVA (PD 0)
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Canine
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Feline
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GINGIVITIS (PD 1) - INFLAMMATION ONLY NO SUPPORT LOSS
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Canine
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Feline
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EARLY PERIODONTAL DISEASE (PD 2) <25% SUPPORT LOSS
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Periodontal probe showing <25% support loss
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Radiograph with probe inserted
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Feline maxillary fourth premolar
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Radiograph of the feline mandibular molar showing early periodontal disease
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MODERATE PERIODONTAL DISEASE (PD 3) 25-50% SUPPORT LOSS
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Canine
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Mandibular fourth premolar
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Feline maxillary fourth premolar
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Radiograph of the mandibular molar showing moderate periodontal disease
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ADVANCED PERIODONTAL DISEASE (PD 4) >50% SUPPORT LOSS
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Periodontal fistula
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9mm attachment loss (gingival recession)
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Feline gingival recession
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Supereruption (extrusion) of the left mandibular canine
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Feline alveolar bone expansion
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Radiograph of feline alveolar bone expansion
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FURCATION INVOLVEMENT AND EXPOSURE
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Grade 1 (F1) furcation involvement
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In grade 1 the periodontal probe just enters the furcation
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Grade 1 (F1) and grade 2 (F2) furcation involvement
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Grade 3 (F3) furcation exposure
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In grade 3 furcation exposures the periodontal probe advances "through and through"
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GINGIVAL RECESSION (GR)
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Canine maxillary fourth premolar/first molar
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Feline mandibular molar
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GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA (GH)
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Canine maxillary fourth premolar
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Boxer's mandibular incisors covered with hyperplastic gingiva
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MUCOGINGIVAL DEFECTS
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Dehiscence - partial root
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Dehiscence - complete root
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Cleft
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Fenestration
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PERIODONTAL DISEASE/STOMATITIS
PALATAL POCKET
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10mm feline palatal defect
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10mm canine palatal defect
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ORONASAL FISTULA (ONF)
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View into nasal cavity space where maxillary canine resided
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CANINE STOMATITIS (ST/CU)
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Canine ulcerative paradental stomatitis (CUPS. kissing lesions)
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Maxilla
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Maxillary buccal teeth and gingiva affected
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FELINE GINGIVOSTOMATITIS (ST/FFS)
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Proliferative inflammation of the caudal oral mucosa
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Gingivostomatitis inflammation surrounding maxillary cheek teeth
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Gingivostomatitis and faucitis
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